Real Estate Development, Construction, Economy Thesis

echt realm Development, Construction, Economy - Thesis ExampleThe correlation of real res publica, construction and economy is so king-sized that a downfall in the industry can jeopardize the whole economy for years. Japan has approach it in the eighties and economies of USA, Britain and numerous other are facing today.The real dry land and construction sectors feature had of late been a booming business all over the world and make up mavin of the largest business segments in the U.S. economy. Real estate development takes place in three major areas Residential, moneymaking(prenominal) and industrial. In residential segment consumers are encouraged to buy houses on account of low have-to doe with rates prevailing in the market, Sub-prime lending, lower return from other segments or stock market enthronisation. lieu owners are interested in remodeling old houses that is also part of construction industry real estateAccording to The Economist the integral asset in residen tial property in developed economies was worth $48 trillion and in commercial property worth $14 trillion in 2002. This was 54% of the total assets in two classes of assets, Property and financial.1.(Wikipedia)From the sources of Bank of International Settlement and wall Street journal it has been make up that over three years from 2001-2004 housing surveys have moved up 63% in Spain, 48% in France, and nearly doubled in South Africa. In single year in 2004 prices have rises 48% in Bulgaria, 19% in Hong Kong and scaled up in China, UK, Australia and India. 2. (Global Real Estate Boom)Real estate prices had unprecedented rise for so long and so fast in m all countries of the world-America, Britain, Australia, France Spain, and China. Rising property prices helped to prop up the world economy after the stock market erupt burst in 2000 According to estimates by The Economist, over the last five years the total value of residential property in developed economies has gone up by more than $30 trillion. everywhere the past five years, to over $70 trillion. This is an increase of about 100% of the combined GDP of those countries. This dwarfs any previous house-price boom. It is larger than the global stock market bubble in the late 1990s or Americas stock market Real Estate Dev..3bubble in the late 1920s (55% of GDP). It is perhaps pass to be the biggest bubble in history. There is a definite comparison between the real estate bubble of Japan in 1989 and that of 2005 in USA/UKReal Estate bubbles are created from clip to duration in some countries at certain intervals though it is not fixed and not forecast able. It occurred in 1920, 1980 and again they are threatening to raise heads in 2007-08 in USA, UK China and some more countries. This time the house prices have been rising up for long. More than 25% of homes bought in USA and UK are for investment purpose not for owner occupation showing that the investment in housing is for speculative motive. legal age of first time buyers did not make any down payment for the loan sanctioned. The home prices in most of countries have gone

Managing People and Organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Managing People and Organizations - Essay ExampleHe / she help in class effect upment in conjunction with other colleagues, department and curriculum coordinators. He/she conduct research develop new courses, topics, teaching materials and resources.Apart from the teaching line of credit, teacher will be assigned other duties think to the job. These duties can be assigned to him/her by the school principal or department head. The duties may entangle representing the college during education or career conventions. He/she is expected to comply with Glenelg School of Abu Dhabi code of ethic as well as those specified by the association of teachers at the national level. The candidate should behave professionally at all prison terms.The desired candidate will be liaising students and administration. He or she should interact and work well with colleagues, parents, students and school management. He/she should respect and treat all students as equal. The teacher should inform the p arents of the students records .All significant parents communications are recorded and submitted to the office. In the course of his duties the teacher is expected to use official expression only.A job specification refers to skills, acquaintance, abilities, education and experience required in order to perform a certain job. Job specification is derived from job analysis. It describes qualities of the candidate to be hired for a specific job (Jean Phillips, 2009). A teacher should have a minimum of a university degree and should be well poetise with management, ethics and behavioral theories and concepts. Since the teacher will be dealing with different kinds of people in school, knowledge of management theories will help him/her in motivating student, building relationships with colleagues as well as time and cost management. Knowledge of behavioral theories will help him/her to understand the behavior of students, colleagues and parents. Ethic theories will spend his/her co nduct.Apart from the teaching knowledge

Movie review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Movie review - Essay ExampleAs for the routine movie, I think that the blocking reflects the personal evolution of the main character, Cyril. Thus, all he valued is to divulge his father, but the experience that he gained in the course of it contributed to his personal evolution. In other words, at the end of the movie he was able to develop a broader picture of the world and not limit his percept with the ideas which shaped his character in foster care.I believe that the ending of the first movie is a satisfying resolution to the events that lead up to it. If one and only(a) takes a close look at the situation, one will be able to see that Sandra did not want to keep her job, just like other people did she objected the lack of justice which happened in the work place. So, when we was presented with a choice to keep the job, but take on the injustice to continue, she, being faithful to her original desire, decided to resign.The ending of the second movie is also insightful wit h the help of it the viewer is able to see that Cyril did not only try to find his father, he wanted to discover the new aspects of his personality and in the end, the audience is able to see that he made a giant leap in personal development. It is quite obvious that there is a peculiar kinship between the two endings. Thus, they both allow the characters to achieve the goal which they truly wanted, in spite of the point that they may not have realized it.

Should violent video games be banned or regulated Essay

Should hostile depiction games be banned or regulated - Essay ExampleThis paper tends to discuss that fantastic word picture games should be banned since they create a negative impact upon the minds of the players, especially when they are at the tender age of adolescence (thesis). Nearly every teenager knows the names of some of the most untrained video games equal Mortal Combat, Resident Evil, Marvel vs. Capcom, Doom, Manhunt, Dead Rising, Gears of War, Grand Theft Auto, and the list continues. All of these games contend the player to kill, shoot, slash, and stab their enemy using bombs, swords, and chainsaw. They have to kill the police officers to get to the target, hit the pedestrians, crock up the opponent using chainsaws, and what not. Preteens and teens want to play these games more than non-violent ones, and then, they apply it in their real lives because they are not capable of differentiating the gaming world from the real world. Last decade has shown an increase i n violence target among children in the United States, and studies show that children are increasingly being treated for anger management convey to the growing use of video games. Children tend to have less-developed ability of decision-making or critical thinking, and so, they cannot realize what is handle with what they are viewing. Thus, their minds learn or absorb every act they see. The reason is that violent video games take after in getting the person involved in the part he is playing, so much so that he starts playing that character in the real life. For example, females are normally portrayed as weaker and low-powered characters in video games. When children watch this, they apply it real life because they would have learnt to disrespect women. This is only an example. thither are thousands of different facets of violence and aggression that the players learn from violent video games. The tragedy is that the effect manifold in strength when the player is at the tend er age of adolescence. Previous generations used to play doctors, police, thieves, chefs, and the vigour generated by the flight of the imagination would get used up in playing the game physically. precisely with video games, that energy comes out in the form of frustration, aggression, and violence. Smith, Lachlan and Tamborini suggest that mature games are more violent that those rated for general audience, and feature child perpetrators with frequent gun violence. When a child watches such violent acts and plays the character using his hands and mind, the energy generated by the flight of the imagination keeps the physical responses from getting evince. So, when this energy gets its chance, it gets expressed in the real life. This is why children who watch violent video games are violent in their constitution too. For example, parents do not know why their child, who plays Resident Evil on his PlayStation 3, is becoming violent day by day beats his younger siblings remains is olated most of the time and, has complaints coming from his prepare that he bullies his class fellows. A check on his routine activities will show that the credit goes to video games if he plays some. All of these negative impacts make one claim that violent video games should be banned. Researchers like Bartholow and Anderson have found that teenagers who play violent video games have higher heart rate, get emotionally aroused easily, and are more aggressive verbally and physically than those who play non-violent games. Thus, the nature of video games contend has an adverse

Qualitative Interface Evaluation of Website Essay

Qualitative Interface Evaluation of Web state of affairs - Essay Examplesubstance absubstance abuser port of a given result is evaluated using various techniques. The main aim of assessing the interactivity of an port is to see the design of that port ensures that the user is able to accomplish their tasks. The main objective of interface military rating is to help the designers and developers of the proceeds to smear the malfunctions in the system, Gould and Lewis (1985) also asserts that feedback to the developers is very critical to ensure that there is an interactive process of product development. An interface is said to be good one if the users of all levels from novice to experts are able to accomplish their tasks. User interface experts have for over years been designing the best way to evaluate the interface. The evaluation thence defines two groups the experts and novice evaluators where each one has their level of evaluating the product within the development cycle of the program. interactive user interface is a part of the software or the hardware that enables the user to interact with that product or the computer. For instance, computer users interact with the computer via software interfaces. According to Melody & Marti (2002), a web site that was poorly designed reduces the revenue and the performance of an organization. The main question is which is the best design principles for a graphic symbol website. Many evaluation techniques looks at the human daily activities and habits where the website should imitate these behavior. For a website the following are near of the criteria to be apply in evaluating a website. Text elements of a website are important features that evaluators check, text should be visible with high quality but very simple to understand by the users. There should be minimal text with the web page. This is called clarity and concise. The number of links are very important similarly they tell us how easy is it to navigat e from one page to another. There should be many shipway in which the user can accomplish their tasks. Too much external links make a bad website however. The colors which indicate that the link has been visited or not yet should be distinct and outstanding. The images in the site is also important the size and color adjustments should make it attractive. There should be interactive nontextual matter which make users participate actively in the sites operations. Software guidelines and heuristic evaluation techniques will be employ in the analysis of the site. Techniques of evaluating interface According to Afonso et al., (2011), evaluation of user interface entails measuring of how easy the interface is to learn by a new user and adopt to the environment. Learning outcomes are measured y how someone can be able to navigate from one level to another, the use of shortcuts and minimal errors. The user satisfaction is another factor in a good interface, if users yarn to use the inte rface at once ore then it is a good one. Interface evaluation is a process that aims at establishing problems of the interface which is a process that requires several activities done. The techniques below are used by stakeholders of the hardware or software product at different levels such as experts and end users. Experts in UI evaluate the interface during formative evaluation while end users test the system by cognitive and pluralistic walkthrough (www.cs.umd.edu).There are several techniques used in interface evaluation such as Heuristic evaluation

Marketing plan for a new self service laundry In Dubai, UAE Essay

Marketing plan for a new self assist wash drawing In Dubai, UAE - Essay ExampleThis pull up stakes ensure that there is low formality and that authority is centralized. There be other organization designs that can be employed to adequately help the go with achieve its objectives. maven of such organizational designs is the team design where the company is made of different teams who work separately exclusively towards attaining a common goal. It is easier to achieve the companys objectives as a team rather than as individuals since different people have different skills and expertise.The company will be competing in a laundry improvement industry and will therefore be providing laundry function to the people of Dubai. The company competes right away with other laundry service companies such as sponsor Cleaners. Champion Cleaners has more than forty outlets in unite Arabs Emirates including Dubai. The company offers laundry services to approximately fifty part of the laun dry service customers in Dubai. In the year 2013, the company recorded sales of approximately 1.3 million garments per year. Our company is unless to begin its operations in Dubai hence it has no share of market. The company wishes to earn at least a twenty percent share of the Dubai market within the three years of its operations. The company will be competing directly with the pick-up and door to door delivery services offered by the Champion Cleaners which has seen the company grow at a high rate and even expand its operations outside United Arabs Emirates. Since our company will be beginning its operations in Dubai, we will be competing locally with the Champion Cleaners. The Champion cleaners however compete locally, nationally and even regionally with other laundry service companies. Nevertheless, the growth of the laundry service industry in Dubai can be estimated to around six percent in the last five years with very few players coming into the industry. The demand for the laundry services in Dubai is constant throughout the year. The state of both

Estimation of Weighted Average Cost of Capital Essay

attachment of Weighted Average Cost of detonator - Essay ExampleThe paper also discusses the various cast off rating techniques like Net Present Value Method, Internal Rate of Return, and so on. The paper takes a quantitative approach for the explanation of various concepts in Capital Structure and Project Evaluation Techniques/Capital Budgeting Techniques.Cost of capital is an important phenomenon in determining the overall/weighted average cost of capital. In fact, the financial risk is judged by investors and other stakeholders in line with cost of capital and nature of capital structure. The overall cost of capital can be reduced and value of the firm can be improved by maximizing the debt content in the capital structure. But, as debt content goes on increasing, rectitude investors expectations about risk will also change. Investors feel risk in investment with highly levered firms and evil versa. Capital structure theories postulate the various possibilities of capital s tructure. It does not speak about which approach is most beneficial to companies in various situations. Capital structure is not a static phenomenon. It keeps on ever-changing with every change in the mix of various sources of capital/fund. The profitability of a business proffer/ project can be evaluated in various ways using both discounted and non-discounted project evaluation methods.

Ethical issues in packaging practices, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

estimable issues in take upage practices, - sample ExampleConventionally, the concept of ethical encase is associated with green packaging. This can be attributed to the fact that environmental wellness and safety and preservation of natural resources are among the prime agendas of scientists and researchers in the present age. However, the concept of ethical packaging includes and extends beyond green packaging. Ethical packaging can be defined as a packaging that, in short, complies with the moral standards. While certain moral standards are shared by people in all sorts of cultures, there are others that change from one culture to another. One of the ethical issues in packaging is the pictures of models on the covers. This is in particular an issue in the Muslim countries. Muslim countries make a considerable tidy sum of the consumers. In order to make a product successful in particularly some of the more than conservative and orthodox Muslim countries, it is imperative that the products do not have pictures of models over their packages with any level of nudity. While this is generally not a matter of concern in the Western countries, such a packaging is not consistent with the values and teachings of Islam. The fundamental purpose of showing models over the packaging is marketing of the products. If the features of packaging offend the consumers in any way, the sole purpose of putting the models on packaging is lost. Ethical packaging constitutes green packaging given the rapid depletion of natural resources in the present age. In assenting to the depleting natural resources, environmental pollution is increasing steadily with the growth of industrialization. This imparts the need for packagers to identify alternate materials with which to pack the products. Traditionally, products are packed in formative handgrips. However, their difficulty of decomposition compared to paper bags makes the latter, a more environment-friendly weft when it co mes to packaging. But using a paper bag in place of a credit card bag has its own implications since it is not as strong and durable a carrier as a plastic bag is. Besides, most of the paper is recycled and the chemicals used to recycle the paper contaminate the products packaged in them. This is particularly a matter of concern for food items. When Oakland placed a ban over the use of plastic bags in general and Styrofoam food packaging in particular (Zamora, 2006), plastic manufacturers sued the city in response. harmonize to The Coalition to Support Plastic Bag Recycling, the city did not do adequate research on the repercussions of the ban. Plastic manufacturers sued not on the grounds that their profits might be sabotaged, but instead on the grounds of environment, claiming that paper is no less harmful for the environment than plastic. The jewelery industry provides an example of how ethical packaging can be made more liable and attractive for the consumers. Jewelery industr y has started making socially responsible packaging by raising the bar on the practices of ethical business. For example, Responsible Jewelery Council is a UK-based organization that has formal international standards across the supply chain so as to introduce practices that are responsible socially, environmentally, and ethically in a transparent manner (Cohen, 2013). The movement of ethical jewelery is pervasive as it affects the method of fruit and

Specific patients Case Management (Instruction Below, and patients Essay

Specific patients Case perplexity (Instruction Below, and patients info faxed) - Essay ExampleThe presented complexity of health problems experienced by the patient is very sympathetic to the case presented by Dr. Sheehan (2008) of Joslin Diabetes Center, Inc. where the case talks about a patient having type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and all of the microvascular complications. There are essentially two primary defects in type 2 diabetes. integrity is insulin resistance. At the level of the liver, there is uncontrolled liver glucose output in skeletal muscle, there is high-risk skeletal muscle glucose uptake, and nonoxidative glucose metabolism. There are defects in the adipocyte in terms of storing fat, excessive lipolysis, and high levels of barren fatty acids in the circulation that can worsen insulin resistance. The adipose tissue can release inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, we fuck off known for a great many years that there are defects in glucagon regulat ion at the level of the pancreas. The alpha cell, which makes glucagon, overproduces glucagon both in the fasting and the fed state. This is another major defect in type 2 diabetes (Sheehan, 2008).Long-term research has demonstrated the benefits of maintaining good control over source glucose levels. The coupled Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) found that the diabetes-related complications of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy were reduced significantly in study subjects with type 2 diabetes who practiced intensive blood glucose control. In addition, for every percentage point reduction in A1C (a blood test that measures the three-month average of blood glucose levels), study participants achieved a 35% reduction in the risk of complications (American Diabetes Association, 2002).The scoop up nursing theory applicable in this case is Dorothea Orems Self-Care Deficit theory. The theory essentially defines the direct for nursing care. Since Mrs. X experiences some l imitations or deficit which interferes with her ability to maintain self-care, she

Disadvantages of herbal remedies Speech or Presentation

Disadvantages of herbal remedies - Speech or Presentation ExampleThe government does non support any institutions as such that help prepare these herbal remedies so there is no superior control and the user may end up buying a low quality handling. Also, herbal remedies do not work in serious illnesses and injuries. Herbs cannot replace surgeries, laboratory tests, and operations. Sometimes, herbal treatment negatively interacts with the formal medicines like anti-depressants and thus may hinder with their effect. Since, herbal remedies do not get it on with an instruction manual or package insert, so this becomes very likely that the user will overdose the remedy. Also, some herbs get poisonous when they are harvested in wild, or some part of the plant gets venomous, so when these are extracted into a remedy, the user will also catch that poison. In short, the use of herbal remedies depends in general on the user himself because he should know what kind of herb he is using, what he is using it for, and for how pertinacious he has to use it.

Career Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

life history Plan - Essay ExampleThese alterations have further attracted the focus of the life history planners towards issues concerning the regular job hours, assay level on-the-job, remunerations, growth opportunities as well as versatility in the job responsibilities. Following the determination of these aspects on the basis of the academic skills, cognitive competencies and economic abilities of the candidate, the career path is selected (Fogg, Harrington and Harrington 21-30).Considering these issues, I wish to select my career option as a corporal lawyer. However, owing to the fact that the industrial contexts are rapidly changing which might alter the attributes which I had considered when selecting upon the career option of a corporate lawyer, I have trenchant the job role of a law professor as my second career option. This paper provide therefore attempt to discuss upon my career choices and their attributes which should be stooln into concern when developing mysel f as a prospective candidate for the intended job positions.The strong inspirations to influence me for considering about corporate lawyer as a career option have been my family and friends who knew people from a similar career. Even the friends who were associated with businesses advised me to take up the option as a worthy career choice after identifying my skills and hard-working nature. Contextually, after reviewing mixed articles and consulting with my professors along with the people whom my friends knew as corporate lawyers, I was able to understand that the job responsibilities in sex act to this particular career is quite challenging. Undoubtedly, the sustenance as well as the legal viability of a corporate entity relies upon the shoulders and competitiveness of the lawyer which further determines the livelihood of many people. I also observed that corporate lawyers in todays highly competitive scenario need to handle multiple deals at once, which further creates

Evidence, Proof and argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Evidence, Proof and argument - Essay ExampleAs the jury, it is your duty to fix fairly, dispassionately and impartially based on the narrate presented by the prosecution4 since the burden of proving the fault of defendant Duncan lies with the prosecution5 and owe to this stringent requirement, its case must stand and fall on its own merits. The prosecution cannot assert that the evidence for the defence is weak. Any claim thitherfore by the prosecution that this defendant has not established a valid defence should not be entertained. I would like to emphasize that the duty to prove the guilt of this defendant is the sole responsibility of the prosecution6. This defendant need not do anything since the law presumes his innocence until proved otherwise. However, Members of the jury, I would likewise caution you that the proof required of the prosecution is not absolute certainty that this defendant has committed the grievous act he is accused of. The prosecution is simply require d to prove beyond a reasonable doubt(fn-case) that this defendant is guilty. Judgment beyond a reasonable doubt simply requires honourable certainty that this defendant committed the offence charged. ... With that as a backdrop, let us proceed with the project at hand. This defendant is indicted for the murder of Simon Chapman by allegedly plunging the knife into the victims heart with drift to hurt and cause him serious harm. The death of Simon Chapman allegedly resulted from the acts of this defendant who was then 15 years old. deed over me, Members of the Jury to walk you through the undisputed factsthe deceased, Simon Chapman and his friend Christopher Jones (Jones) were sitting in a coach alongside a train late at night when ii boys, defendant Duncan Moore and David Parker (David) were smoking and running nigh the train passing from one carriage to another. Christopher Jones chided the boys for smoking and to which they replied to fuck off. At this point, Davidthe young er of the twodecided to pester Jones by grabbing his briefcase. A commotion ensued where Jones pushed David who retaliated with a punch landing on the Jones face. As Jones was about to hit David again, Duncan intervened. The ruckus is now between Jones and Duncan. They were throwing punches at each other when decedent Chapman arose from his slumber and seeing that Jones was being hit by Duncan, he, in turn, struck Duncan with his umbrella. Duncan fell on his back and decedent Chapman straddled him, the two went on throwing punches against each other when the fracas stopped. Decedent Chapman was stabbed with the use of a kitchen knife. Thereafter, two boys alighted on the next train stop. Based on this undisputed facts, you shall decide if this defendant stabbed the victim or is there a probability that somebody else on that train who could be the culprit. Before we move on to the evidence presented by either side, it is important that I discuss the

R&D Proposal TMGT421 (Vaccines for Children Computer Input Manual) Research Paper

R&D Proposal TMGT421 (Vaccines for Children Computer Input Manual) - Research Paper ExampleParents, therefore, find themselves looking for their immunization records.We ingest adopted Vermont Immunization registry (IMR) at the Family Medical Center, which is a powerful fauna to go through comely treatment and timely immunization. This has helped in saving many by ensuring that the right vaccine is administered to the children (Maciosek et al., 2006). The efficiency of the offices is besides improved since the required time to gather review records of immunization is reduced. When there is a disease outbreak, it is precise easy for public health departments to identify those individual at risk by the use of registry.Our health care facility is accredited with vaccines for children. Data input should be correctly done to be equal to bear on the appropriate type of vaccine administered and the relevant time to vaccinate. If this is not achieved, there pull up stakes be a loss o f program, and services will not be offered to the public.The objective of using Vermont Immunization Registry (IMR) at Family Medical Center is to increase efficiency in accessing immunization documentation at the center. With an electronic health record system in place at the medical centre, physicians will be able to submit information to the Vermont Immunization Registry from the electronic data record system directly via the interface. This will be such a superb tool that will ultimately lead to reduced data entry, improve the accuracy of data, fulfill the requirements of data reporting, ensure faster delivery of data, promote timely vaccinations, flying updating of records, easy printing of reports, maintain vaccine inventories, flag contraindications, increase vaccination rates and ensure ultimate improvement of patient care (www.healthvermont.gov).The Vermont Immunization registry will be an exceptional tool to support health care practices at the centre in tracking vaccin e information for children at the Family Medical Centre. It will allow the professionals at the

Critically evaluate the underlying dynamics which were operating in Essay

Critically evaluate the underlying dynamics which were operating in the videoed intermediation and negotiation sessions, which formed - Essay ExampleMovies are considered as that mode, which croup be easily mum by almost everyone, no matter how old or young. In this way, this tool of entertainment deal help participants to learn from movies and remember the moral of that movie. There are number of movies, within which, the particular lesson can be found. However, a large number of negotiators and mentors create their own movies. The only purpose of creating movies is better customization as compared to commercial movies and other video clips. Arguments, frictions, differences, skirmishes and fights, etc. are some the reasons causing disputes among people. There are mingled ways of resolving such disputes among which mediation and negotiations pose greater importance. These two proficiencys are considered as the post-mortem examination techniques of dispute resolution, however, n owadays these techniques are taught in different style i.e. through videos. This cla spend specifically aims at highlighting the dynamics, which are operating in the mediation and negotiation session using videos. The structure of this article is formed in such a manner that the brief definitions and explanations of the mediation and negotiation is provided at the initial stage. ... The third party is an impartial and independent party having no participations on either side unless the dispute resolution. Independent party listens and understands the viewpoint of both the parties, clarifies the issue, discusses further points, and reaches at an agreement, which is in the best interest of both the parties. This dispute resolution technique is a wilful technique. However, some organizations may legalize this technique as a compulsory technique for the resolution of internal disputes among the organizational participants. Negotiation Negotiation is likewise a riddle solving techni ques for the disputes arising among the parties over a particular matter. Under this technique, both the parties initiate the discussions to crash the issue in a good faith. Both parties put their points of concerns to each other, understands each others viewpoint, discusses and seek their flexibility to bargain over the issue and reaches at an agreement accordingly. The technique is a voluntary technique, however, unlike mediation no external party to the dispute is involved in this technique. Organizations may use these techniques as a compulsory way of dispute resolutions. Critique and practice are essential for acquiring any new skills, which also includes the ability of mediating and bargaining. However, before trying something, many people prefer ceremonial a skilled person doing that task. This paper aims to reveal how commercial films and videos can be used to resurrect the skills of mediation and negotiation. Role Playing vs. Video Role-playing is considered less formal because usually students or viewers die into humor. Instead of learning the purpose of role-playing, viewers begin to take that as a comedy. Another problem

Amazon.com - transfer pricing, taxation and the role of corporate Research Paper

amazon.com - transfer determine, taxation and the role of corporate social responsibility - Research Paper recitationtion of these issues are described below Transfer Pricing and taxation Issues for Amazon.com Simply the transfer pricing is the set that is set for the intercompany transactions. Transfer pricing is used when the divisions of an organization need to charge other divisions of the same organizations for the goods and go provide to them. For example as in the case of Amazon.com, it is mentioned earlier that Amazon is operating the variety of departments and websites in some countries. Transfer pricing in this efficacy possible, as a department of Amazon in United Kingdom deals in a component in United Kingdom. The same component is alike required by a costumer in China. The transfer of this component form the department in US to department in china will be valued at internal impairment and will be referred as transfer price. In the context of transfer pricing th ese some factors hindquarters effect on the operations of Amazon.com. Transfer prices are particularly appropriate for cabbage centers because if one lolly center work for another, the size of the transfer price will affect the costs of one profit center and revenue to other. In the case of Amazon, each department has its confess products and activities and every department in different counties is responsible to maintain its profit level. So in relation to the prospective of transfer pricing each department can try to work in their own interested segments to increase their profits. Decisions might be taken by a department manager in the best interest of his own part of business, and it may possible that this decision may affect against the interests of other departments. The profit center managers for Amazon tend to put their own profit performance above everything else. Since the profit center performance is metric according... The intention of this study is Amazon.com as a la rgest cyber selling company in modern cyber environment. Amazon.com started their business by selling their first book in 1995. At that time the main aim of amazon is base on a dream to develop a new trend in e-commerce. After the not bad(p) success of this business Amazon now have selling every kind of products and have many sites those are serving efficiently in seven countries. The working of Amazon is an art not a science. They are dealing in lots of products. The main art of capturing the cyber market is multi-level e-commerce strategy. Due to this strategy, anyone sell nigh anything using the platform of Amazon.com. The another main key factor for the success of Amazon.com is their efficient data ground carcass which has also ranked in the top three world largest Linux data base system in 2005. The purpose of this report is to clear these mentioned issues can affect the Amazons performance in material manner. On the other hand, in current modern environment the value of c yber markets is increasing day by day. So it is much necessary for Amazon.com to control the all negative aspects of mentioned factors to win the race. There is also a strong need to control the problems that is stated is the Amazons Annual report. In short, by taking account of all these issues Amazon.com can perform in more efficient manner and slowly capture the cyber market share in near future.

Marketing Processes and Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Marketing Processes and Planning - Essay instanceThis game is designed for indoor use only. It can be oprated by Apple iOS devices such as iPod, iPod (5Th generation) and iPhone.PESTLE Analysis is an essential and significant tool for analysis of computer and robotic game company i.e. Anki. It volition help to find out macro economic factors which are the issues in this manufacture. This analysis will promulgate about the advantages and disadvantage of computer and robotic game industry in terms of political, economical, social, scientific, legal and environmental.Anki is going to gear up their new product in the UK securities industry. Anki Drive is a new era of game. It can face a great deal of problem in the UK market, related to government policies. However, the video game industry market of UK is largest market of atomic number 63 and third largest in the world. According to a report the UK market generated $5.2 billion of revenues from video game industry (Newzoo, 2012 ). The UK market can earn more profit, if this new and unique car racing game is launched in this market. It helps the UK market to increase employments.The price of Anki Drive in the US is $199.99 and when it will be launch to the UK market it price becomes 119.21 (direct currency conversation) plus export charge or trading charge of product it whitethorn go up to 160 (approx. value, since the price factor may vary with loan factors between this devil nations). Trade between these two nations shares the global largest foreign direct investment partnership. Hence, there will be no issue between these two nations in terms of economic.In the UK market there are a huge number of Apple product users. Hence, it cannot be a major problem with Anki in terms of social issue in the UK market. Since, Anki Drive is only supported by iOS compatible products i.e. iPhone and iPad.Here, technological factor for Anki can be considered as product quality of Anki Drive. However, Anki is a new compan y and volition to lead the global market. Hence, they

Learning Team Internal and External Factors Paper Essay Example for Free

Learning Team Internal and External Factors Paper EssayAmongst straight offs societies The McDonalds Corporations is considered one of many that has successfully in so many ways used a combination of various marketing strategies and skills to become a worldwidely k without delayn successful origination. McDonalds a global fear in most countries around the world can also face a spread of ch each toldenges and issues. The McDonalds Corporations has learned and brought ab prohibited changes according to the needs of its consumers per hour and should always remain flexible to changes at bottom the environs that deals with current customer trends, government and or legal restrictions, and the development of technology. The McDonalds Corporations technology structural and also its monetary assets of the company argon perfect marketing beats. McDonalds without a doubt is completely abundant with many aspects in structure, finance and of course technology. To help, identify and implement studyity of these assets indoors the straitlaced directions towards the improvement of the corporations would be all that is needed. The McDonalds Corporations overall is producing their main product, creating items within their own kitchen, and cooking on their own grills.This means the use of equipment, certain control devices, the regulation of temperature, the business point-of sales system, inventory process, monetary and communication entropy are all linked into different technology that cushions the corporation. Now with public awareness of technology and cultures more people are starting to become a little more health conscious, and have access to finding out about certain quality ingredients, and knowing the lack of minerals that may have an overall negative impact on what all fast foods have done to those who consume them. Along with maximizing knowledge on internal and out-of-door factors this will have a large impact on the four major function of care within a corporation. The McDonalds Corporations has goals that are reflected in its mission statement to become for virtually customers a favorite place to eat. There are several internal and external factors McDonalds faces in the decision they made to go Global. External factorsfor the decision to go Global allow the following.1.)The growing heath trends of consumers2.)The ability to expand into new markets such as India and China3.)The diversification and procure of separate fast food restaurants4.)The global growth of the fast food industry5.)Worldwide deregulation (Salem, Abdullah, 2009)These external factors impacted the four functions of wariness for McDonalds managers, by forcing management to adjust the innovationning function and information to include a mission that was based on a global demand and competition. The organizing function of management with in McDonalds was also impact by the decision to go global. Management now has to organize information, people, and financial resources crossed countries and cultures to achieve one common goal. The function a leading for a management changed also. Now, styles and theatrical role of leading and motiving had to be localized and customized around the culture rather than one specialized way of doing things. authoritative or measuring achievements in with in the global industry also changed as franchisees are now faced with measuring success based on others in different markets. Internal factors also play a part in McDonalds decision to go global and those factors have also affected the four functions of management for their managers. Some internal factors include 1.)The desire for a strong brand name, image, and repute2.)A large market share3.)The desire for a global presence4.)A stronger financial performance and position5.)Introduction of new products6.)Customer focus (Salem, Abdullah, 2009)These internal factors also had an effect on the planning, organizing, leading, and controlling functi ons of management within McDonalds. Competing in a Global market makes managers think, act, gather and process information on a larger weighing machine to achieve a goal.DiversityThe evolution of McDonalds Corporation toward transformation as a business objective began in the late 1970s, when the corporation officiallyestablished an Affirmative Action Department, which today is cognize as the Diversity Initiative Department (Anonymous, 2005). Numerous factors can affect the four major functions of management this section will focus on how diversity can affect planning, organizing, leading and controlling within the McDonalds Corporation. Diversity in the workplace is more than a persons race or heathen background it also includes personality, gender, development, position in the plaque, etc. The major obstacle for McDonalds management continues to be age, gender, ethnic background and education. Diversity management involves a three-stage process (Tetteh, 2014)Identification showImplementation StageMaintenance StageMcDonalds management must identify where the diversity mixture is and decided on the appropriate action to take care workplace harmony and productivity. This will be accomplished through proper training and communication with all employees. Learning to effectively communicate with the various groups within each berth will be very important to the success of the team within each restaurant. Implementing effective processes that ensure each diverse group is accommodated is crucial to the process. McDonalds as a corporation does a great cable helping and engaging their management and employees to ensure proper implementation by offering education and career development seminars, various gender based seminars, second language courses etc.Maintain and modify these processes will ensure that McDonalds stays current and relevant to the groups each manager has identified within their department. McDonalds continually re-evaluates its initiatives to ensure they are in line with their business and current employee base. McDonalds ensures diversity is decently managed within their organization by including diversity in the business planning process. This allows the company and its managers to treat diversity as an initiative rather than a program its naturally incorporated into the business plan (Anonymous, 2005).EthicsWhen it comes the Functions of Management, you must condsider which parts may be corrupted by ethical issues. Two areas that perhaps prone to be affectedare the Leading and Organizing Funtions. In building a dynamic organization you must find a diverse group of people, with different ethical baskgrouds, to fill the different postions in it. You would also want to get them up to speed with you organizations ethical views. If you take a company same McDonalds you can find out what they do to ensure this. Now McDonalds is committed to conducting business ethically and in compliance with the letter and spirit of the law. This commitment is reflected in McDonalds Values.Inherent in each jimmy is our commitment to be ethical, truthful and dependable and this is reflected through their Standards of Business Conduct, which serves as a guide to fashioning good decisions and conducting business ethically. Each year McDonalds employees are required to re-certify that they have read and will ache by the standards that McDonalds has set through the Standards of Business Conduct. Employees complete regular training on the Standards, anti-bribery laws, and various other laws, regulations and company-specific policies. McDonalds and its employees in all countries must comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (McDonalds Standards Of Business Conduct For Employees, n.d.).ReferencesSalem, F., Abdullah, M., (2009) McDonalds causal agent study. http//www.scribd.com/doc/16050821/McDonalds-Case-Study McDonalds Standards of Business Conduct for Employees. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.aboutmcd onalds.com/mcd/investors/corporate_governance/codes_of_conduct/standards_of_business_conduct.html Bateman, T. S., Snell, S. A. (2011). Management Leading collaborating in a competitive world (9th ed.). new-fashioned York, NY McGraw-Hill Irwin. Anonymous, . (2005, November). Diversity at McDonalds A way of life. Nations Restaurant News, 1(), 92, 94-95 Tetteh, Vanessa A. (2014, January 1). Diversity in the Workplace. Research Starters, p. 1.

Media and Entertainment Essay Example for Free

Media and cheer EssayThe importance and popularity of media is ever growing. Media has become indispensible in everyday breeding, be it personal life or business, trade or work. Conventional media equal cinema, television, radio and print argon modifying themselves to play their parts establishively in the current market. Technological innovations and discovery of new media like cable television, unmediated To Home (DTH), runny Technology, profit Podcasting and FM Radio Channels have created immense competition in the entertainment and media field.Video games and movable sound recording video devices have step up the competition. Entry of foreign TV broadcasts, 24*7 broadcasting and the exp unitaryntial issue of new media call for impressive circumscribe mental institution for catering to every segment of the population. The escalating economic growth in India with a remarkable portionage of early days in the population who have extravagantly earning capacity a nd more(prenominal) disposable incomes and the upwardly mobile middleclass run into the entertainment and media sector more burnished and demanding.Profile of the current y push throughh with lesser attention track and the easy availability of affordable entertainment have created the challenges of attracting and retaining audience and clients. Multiplex cultures, variety of entertainment choices available, positivity and potential of space-selling in media houses, embedded advertising, marriage of animation and visual technologies be all signs of the advanced narrate of development in media and entertainment. New Technologies and the postgraduate costs involved in production and distribution of media gist have justified corporate entry into cinema production and ntertainment production.This has given Industry Status to this field. This penning recognises the status of entertainment and media as a powerful service sector and highlights the need for adopting unique essence creation and marketing strategies for enriching and enhancing the experience of the audience and clients. Moreover, the paper identifies the potential of these services that could be exploited for the make of the customers as well as to promise high returns for the Investors and Media and amusement houses. Content Creation and Entertainment Quotient in the current Media ScenarioIntroduction And in my opinion, entertainment in its broadest sense has become a necessity kind of than a luxury in the life -Walt Disney The very purpose of human life boils down to fulfilling the human-centered needs which include both physical and psychological needs. Media and Entertainment is the field that caters to the psychological or cognitive needs of the media customers. The importance and popularity of media is ever growing. Media has become indispensible in everyday life, be it personal life or business, trade or work.The Media and Entertainment diligence consists of the creation, aggregat ion and distribution of content, products and services, news and information, advertising and entertainment finished various conduct and platforms. Conventional media like cinema, television, radio and print argon modifying themselves to play their roles effectively in the current market. Technological innovations and discovery of new media like cable television, Direct To Home (DTH), Mobile Technology, Internet Podcasting and FM Radio Channels have created immense competition in the entertainment and media field.Video games and portable audio video devices have intensified the competition. Entry of foreign TV broadcasts, 24*7 broadcasting and the exponential growth of new media calls for impressive content creation for catering to every segment of the population. The Indian Entertainment and Media (EM) assiduity has outperformed the Indian economy and is one of the speedyest growing sectors in India. However, the future of this industry depends largely on the growth of Indian Economy.The Indian Economy is growing at a fast rate, with increased personal income of people who atomic number 18 spending more on their entertainment and leisure activities. Media and Entertainment Customers Media and entertainment customers have no inhibitions to switch over their bloods of entertainment and information, if they feel that their current entertainment provider does not stand up to the mark. Winning customer confidence and support becomes all the more life-or-death for this industry which could create deeper impressions and have greater impact on the inerasable minds of the customers.Radio, Television, Internet, Print, Movie, Music, Novels and News Media should live up to the fantasy, expectations and requirements of the viewing, comprehend and reading masses, who seek these media to fulfil their individualistic needs, based on their specific life personal manners, backgrounds and mood swings. The escalating economic growth in India along with a remarkable pe rcentage of youth in the population who have high earning capacity and more disposable incomes and the upwardly mobile middleclass make the entertainment and media industry more promising and the demand for entertainment is going to steadily see an upward trend.Profile of the current youth with lesser attention span and the easy availability of affordable entertainment have created the challenges of attracting and retaining audiences and clients. Success totally depends on how original, quick and entertaining the content offered by these media is comparatively less. In media and entertainment, only the content that provides the highest degree of gladness send away win over the media customers. Media Content and Entertainment Quotient In media production and publishing, content refers to information and experiences that may provide value for an end-user or audience.Content may be delivered via any medium such as the internet, television, audio CDs, cinema, newspapers and magazines as well as live events such as conferences, stage performances and interactive audio video platforms. Content is the word used to identify and quantify various formats and genres of information as compliant value-adding components of media. Entertainment Quotient is the degree of gratification the customers receive or experience through the content provided by Media. split the quality of content provided, high leave behind be the degree of gratification experienced.Hence, media content and entertainment quotient ar directly related to each other. Media Production and delivery technology potentially enhances the value of content by formatting, filtering and combining original sources of content for new audience with new contexts. Media must understand its responsibility to dispel optimism and hope in all aspects of life, especially during times of natural disasters like floods, tsunami, earth-quakes or man-made disasters like terrorist attacks, economic meltdowns, political cr isis or any such critical situation apart from its vital role in offering information, education and entertainment.It is very essential for media to realize that its content on such events are just not a focus on the problems, but on the possible ways for prohibition, prevention and rescue. The fact that media deposenister and should make such shift is reflective of its evolution globally. Content provided by media should be of value, relevance and provide entertainment to the ultimate customers. Contemporary Role of Media and Entertainment Media is changing from beingness an pig to being a companion. Right from children to elders, people of all ages and classes have something to look for in all the media. all have started looking at media, be it the television, radio, newspaper or the internet as a source of not only entertainment, but besides as a source of knowledge and exposure. Media have got themselves into the roles of friend, philosopher and fleet and recently as an a ctivist. This being the status, there is a vital need for the highest quality of the content that are provided by these media to be at par with the expectations of all segments of audience and provide high entertainment quotient to them. In many areas, media content is already playing a very active role in providing prescriptions to consumers.From being just a provider of news, the media today is a source of knowledge and offers forums of interaction where consumers can seek advice on health, beauty, home care, decor, travel etc. All these play a major role for their life style changes, and hence we have a majority of the people following a commonly seen style and changed culture. The viewer becomes the consumer who modifies his or her life to go with the characters portrayed by them. Audio-visual medium do have a salutary impact on the knowledge, attitude and acceptance of the viewers.Media do influence people as frequently as home, neighbourhood, peers in school / college / offic e etc. The Media and Entertainment industry is moving from the well cognise status of Mass Media to Mass-personal Media. Future of Indian Media and Entertainment Industry The FM radio sector was open up up for foreign investment with 20 percent FDI being allowed. As a result the radio sector is expanding rapidly with forecasted growth rates of 32 percent per annum. In the print media segment, 100 percent FDI is now allowed for non-news publications and 26 percent FDI is allowed for news publications.Internet advertising is evaluate to go up from one percent to three percent of the total Media and Entertainment revenues by 2014. Music and Gaming are expected to grow at 32 percent in the next five years. With multiplex culture, watching snap has become a status symbol. Television is witnessing a steady in growth and is believably to go further in future. Indian Television market is likely to grow at an average annual rate of 16% to reach 46,922 crore rupees by 2012. The historic al data and the current trend in media industry imply a definite surge of demand and healthier competition in the days to come. elicit new developments in the technologies used in this industry are taking place. Animation, Multiplexes, new distribution channels and the use of Internet are redefining the entertainment industry. All these factors will favour further growth of this industry in India. India is poised to enter the period of immense growth in this industry. Strategies for Success in Media and Entertainment Industry The Mantra for attracting and retaining audience for all media is provide quality content and increase the entertainment quotient. Updated, contemporary, relevant, creative and enlightening content can take the media a long way.This is the basis for establishing, surviving, growing and conquering in the ever-changing media industry. Competition is high and tough. The sources available for entertainment and information are many and easily accessible. This bein g the status, choice of the fittest, fastest and the most creative is the lifeline of media content at present. The challenge for communicators and marketers is to create and identify opportunities that can make the content all the more impressive. Today more and more battles are not as much for market share as for a share of the consumers wallet.Media consumers are very vulnerable and given to be poached by more innovative and consistent content providers. Media products, being intangible can have only cognitive and psychological impact on their consumer. Hence, it becomes more important to provide high quality content which is much give than the competitors and thus ensure high entertainment quotient, which is the ultimate submit of any entertainment content. This in turn will aid in attracting, maintaining and enhancing the audience for the particular media. Further, this will ensure the growth potential of the media.Media are not averse to content tie-ups to create media mul tiplier effect by increasing the touch points. Media observers agree that cross-media tie-ups have become a compulsion, rather than a choice. Thus, crossway of media has become indispensible and is the most plausible route for reaching out to more audience or end-users. Mobile telephones, 3G wireless services, DTH (Direct To Home television), HDTV (High-Definition Television) and the Web, all require content to be converted to multiple formats in order to be offered to a multitude of consumers from various national, cultural, economic and social backgrounds.Media companies agree that tie-ups are not a cost-saving mechanism, rather, it is more about expanding the visibility and pooling the strengths of the two mediums. The content synergy assures prospective audience. There has also been a change in the mindset of publications, be it in print or internet or television. They have realized the importance of providing news and information to the audience, without worrying about the sou rce. Earlier, media houses would stress exclusive reportage. Now, they are willing to give due credit to the source publication as well as the journalist.This is a welcome transition, since it is an optimistic way to reach out to the dedicated and loyal audience who seek out entertainment and information only from certain specific media which they prefer. Stereotyped, mundane and pessimistic content are likely to reduce the entertainment quotient apart from having negative impact on the audience. Ultimately, customers carry along only experiences and memories and triumph along with them when they make use of any media for entertainment or information. Only carefully crafted content can enhance these experiences, satisfaction levels and entertainment quotient of media consumers.Conventional cinema and television media had been providing slow paced, socially relevant content to target audience comprising of all economic strata. The amounts of money and marketing involved were small a nd the industry had been more of monopolistic. The scenario now is entirely different with resurgence of widescreen, stereo, surround sound and digital cinema becoming better and affordable by all. Currently, big production budgets and expensive equipments are being used as the convention for creating quality entertainment, capable of reaching millions of audience.Especially in India, the entry of Hollywood films has created intense competitions and also has compound and diversified the expectations of the local viewers. Dubbing and releasing of Hollywood and other foreign movies in vernacular languages has intensified the entertainment quotient sought by the consumers. The degree of challenges in newer technology adoption, costs and risks involved are higher as far as cinema and television are concerned. Television content production hazard is top venture in the media world.

Cultural Oppression Essay Example for Free

Cultural Oppression EssayWomen has get along with a hanker way from being the gods of the feminist society, oppression from the paternal Roman Catholic, and the continuous struggle to uplift itself from the inconsistency in out society. Therefore it is not correct to say that The world has evolved in a extensive way, but for the groups that remained oppressed it does not seem like evolution has even touched them. It seems a rattling narrow way of putting the struggle of women from centuries of oppression when in fact before World struggle I there were no women in the military, no women in college, no women in office, and no women in the library. Same goes for the homosexuals. There are already four states that allow same sex marriage in the United States and the world is not so unforgiving 50 years ago when homosexuals where killed. Indeed, homosexuals and women have come a long way and it is rather fitting that we recognize them in their accomplishments in pursuing their green good. I agree with Miss Johnson. This society is so bent on discrimination based on color when in fact African Americans are just as able as Caucasians in getting every job done.As long as there are equal opportunities for both(prenominal) races then there wont be some dumb Joe lying around. We claim to be the most advanced nation in the world but it seems we still have prehistoric traces of slavery in our society. We still think that just because African Americans came to America as slaves then they are a backward race. What the people of America should remember that the very same slaves built this nation with their bare custody and they wouldnt be slaves had we not made them that way.It seems that we have a double standard when we talk or so freedom and liberty for all Americans. That shouldnt be so because history has proven that its never a war of colors, its only a war of interests and power. The author mentioned about the struggling African Americans who are in the upper class. Well, money cant erase prejudice from people particularly the prejudice that is rooted in our history. Thats why the weak should fight for its liberation because nobody pull up stakes save them from it but themselves. Reference

Confucius and Virtue Essay Example for Free

Confucius and law EssayOne word could pile up ever soy stroke of brilliance, every riddle composed and every thought that circled in spite of appearance the most influential sage, Confucius. The word Shu never impose on others what you would not choose for yourself, communicatees atomic number 53 rule that any case-by-case could follow and rule (176). It encompasses argonas of ones manners like intellect, relationships and behavior, but more importantly it begins to see the concept of moral excellence and we buttocks obtain it. In view with Confucius, virtue can be be as moral philosophy possible at bottom an individual. Virtue can be taught through the stageation of array and by keep an eye oning those around you as you would expect them to do as wellsimultaneously garnering necessary traits such as honor and humanity that satisfy an individuals liveness. To further extend the exposition of virtue, morality should be defined. However, the exact definition o f moralityjust like virtuewill forever be contemplated. From Confucius, I gathered a few traits I believe to exemplify morality or kind-heartedness as Confucius describes. One aspect is the ability to recognize what is good and then accomplishing these good things.Just as Confucius states, Choose what is good and follow it, comprehension and occupation in accordance to morality is vital to the definition of virtue (Confucius 72). Since virtue is something we, as erroneous humans, whitethorn never be able to obtain or reach, then the way to distinguish it is through experience or daily life. We observe virtue and argon able to simply imitate it. Confucius himself exclaims that he has no hope of meeting a truly impeccable person, (73). Another aspect to define virtue is through gaining contentment in the individuals life. judge ones circumstances and finding peace in this leads an individual to Confuciuss Way, or certain virtue. If someone had the ability to accept life as its han ded to them, then their mind wouldnt be concerned with things outside of their control. This is important to the acceleration of virtue because ones own virtue is inside their control, and if the focus is not outside of their control, it would be easier to observe virtue and then implement it into their lives. Security within the individual begins to form and when the roots are secure, the Way is born, (3).Both aspects, goodness and contentment, lead to observation and application of virtue, which is exactly how the individual can define of identify virtue. but if you dont put into practice the Ritual, then no good will come of it. In order for virtue to be enforced into an individuals life, the formation of habit mustiness be derived from the application of virtue, or goodness. The formation indirectly helps to fulfill the completion of good behavior and intellect in an individuals life. First, the connections of practice and didactics through behavior should be incorporated.Fo r example, Confuciuss, The Analects, was gathered together by his followers. His great ideas about would have ever reached the people if he had not taught. More importantly, it shows how the applications of his writings are successful. Whatever he spoke of, he tried to implement in his life and that unaccompanied supports the motivating for an individual to practice these items of virtue in their lives. The idea of practicing virtue is said to never look listen, speak or move without Ritual, and that would entail to constantly use ritual, practice and procedural actions.In fact, Confuciuss concept of Ritual has more to do with habits and procedures than the religious aspects. Its pry of customs and practices allows individuals to become humane and honorablewhich are aspects of virtue. This is demonstrated when Confucius says, put what you have lettered into practice, (3). When that acknowledgment is connected with the noble-minded are well versed in culture (culture in any c ase means learned in other translations) and well-grounded in Ritual, so how could they ever go wrong? a gather in purpose for practice is shown because learning in Ritual is viewed as a way of discipline to express those ideas (humanity and honorability) of virtue (61). Therefore, when this combination is practiced, virtue is then among the individuals behavior satisfying that part of the soul. If they are able to control behaviors and practices through ritual and learning, then the intellect is challenged with virtue as well. Application infuses twain behavior and intellect of the soul practice is vital to obtaining and satisfying virtue within an individuals life.Confuciuss Golden Rulerespecting others as one wishes to be treatedis the key to a gross(a) life because a way of obtaining virtue is through observation and practice. This is nearly impossible without the influence of other virtuous person. If virtue is exemplified through humans and our actions, then the observatio ns made by an individual on the course of action to discovering virtue would be from another. This continuum is demonstrated through Confucius himself, as he teaches and never refuses to teach anyone, but also through honor for elders (68).Parents, ancestors and elders are all crucial to the growth of a child and how he observes virtue. By implementing behavior, meaning regarding them with respect, the child learns necessary traits of virtue than can be further developed. To support the idea of respect Confucius boldly states that everyone can feed their parentsbut without reverence, they might as well be feeding animals, (13). No one can observe and behave virtuous if they have no form of hearth for virtue. In addition to the necessity of observation and practice, the Golden Rule is also about finding virtue within love and humility.Both love and humility are selfless acts their truest forms cannot be corrupted by greed, selfishness or inhumane ideals. Just as Confucius exclaims, love the whole existence of things, it brings forth connections and relationships that satisfy the soul (4). Virtue is expressed through these relationships by the respect and selfless acts because they are recognized as good. Good is like with the idea of virtue, so it enforces the observations one can make of virtue in everyday life. Taking superintend of others creates one of the few truest bonds, and that re interprets virtue because of its truth and simply put goodness.Being virtuous needs to be incorporated into everyday life/situations, and once you have begun virtue within yourself, the only other wanting(p) aspect of life is the life an individual shares with another stringing together practice, relationships and intellect. Sharing virtue in life is accomplished through the Golden Rule by showing or being the example of virtue if you want to make a stand, help others make a stand, (62). Virtue is not about oneself so by respecting others one grows closer to understanding virtue.Treating others the way you want to be treated strings together behavior, relationships and intellect because others are involved an individual observes and analyzes someone elses virtuous actions, then begins to practice their own, and ultimately respects and connects with others. This cycle is evolved through separate aspects of ones life and in conjunction with others. If only the humane can love people, and humanity is a trait sprouted from virtue, then virtue must always be accompanied by some sort of interaction with others (33).Although Confuciuss idea of virtue incorporates how relationships, behavior and intellect are developed in an individual, it does not properly address emotion. Emotion can play a large role in how people think, act and connect therefore, alter ones ability to obtain virtue. Aristotles means of extreme seems to resonate well with emotion because it addresses the need for humans to stay equilibrate and in controlwhich would be beneficial to Con fucius contentment and security in ones self. Aristotles explains the men as its character is to aim at what is intermediate in passions and in actions (Aristotle 386).Aristotles idea of a moderation of emotions (passions) would allow an individual to stabilize themselves and stay focus on virtue. This is important because the foundation in which virtue begins to grow, according to Confucius, is when acceptance and contentment are present in ones life. Once contentment occurs, the focus is more on loving others. This allows Confuciuss idea that noble minded are never arrogant, to become successful (Confucius 147). Through the use of balanced emotions, the individual can stay content and also stray from any arrogance, as emotions are rivet on oneself.While virtue is true morality possible in humans, it can only be gained through practice and application of the Golden Rulewhich leads to satisfaction within ones life through concepts like humanity and Ritual. However, Shu will always be at the hearth of defining, applying and teaching virtue. sympathize with for others as we would want to care for us is vital to virtue in that it deals with a pure form of connection with others. Virtue is transported from individual to individual, and is therefore a large attribute to connections and relationships we have in life. With this, may Shu be with you.

History of design Essay Example for Free

History of invention leavenThe send off write up is commonly defined as the study of the objects in their stylish and historical context. This includes social, economical, technical, ethnical and aesthetic. The history of contrive has in it the study of all designed objects including the fashions, interiors, graphics designs, industrial and product design. The history of design has to incorporate the heroic criticism of its discipline in material culture establishment. History of design has played a major role in understanding the forma used methods of doing deform until the discovery and innovations of machines in the 19th and 20th century. The role of machine in 19th and 20th century Machine is the nigh(prenominal) defining entity in the 19th and 20th century. Its entrance in the turn of the centuries was significance to the modern epoch and was facilitated by energy and its productivity. The innovation of the machines contributed to publicy changes including the shi fting of passel from the rural areas to the urban areas. This make people see the world in different perspective and felt as if everything was possible. The innovation of the machine had an transaction to the labor practices.The aspect on which the take a crap was being done changed, machines was viewed a savior as it would do more work at a shorter eon compared to human and animals. The cultivation and tilling of land was made easy as machines would different types of work under control of one person and hence change magnitude production. The labor practices on the other hand had some negative impact in the innovation of machines. The work that several people would be hired to do, would be done by one machine and so contributing to the losing of jobs. (Dee, 2005)Industrial design can be defined as an applied art where aesthetic of large quantity of produced products can be improved for marketing. The industrial designer role is creating and executing design and solutions fo r problems of form, engineering, brand development, usability, sales and user ergonomics. The knowledgeability of machine in the industrial design enables the given rigid a chance to have mass production of products. In the 19th and 20 nth century, the introduction of machines enabled the crafts firms have more production therefore increasing profit margins.With the introduction of machines, some countries were able to come out themselves in a competitive footing with other countries that had the same level of innovation. (Arthur, 1988) According to the Carma Gorman, an industrial design reader, logo has a shouting power to market the industry. The industrial designer should take into consideration the distinguishing characteristic of the company in the market which may be determined by the designed logo. As the work of the designer is to create all the solutions that would ensure the industry has a competitive footage with others of the same field. Gorman, 2003) Innovation of m achines change magnitude efficiency in doing work.Much work could be done with the innovation of machine and be unblemished in a shorter time compared to work done manual. Due to high power production by the machine, some of the hard task could be done that could have otherwise required some people to accomplish. Besides doing difficult tasks, machine would do more work effectively compared to human or man power. Due to effectiveness of the machines, it was easy to predict how much work would be done and how much time would be taken to accomplish the task.Ornament is decoration detail that is mostly used to decorate or beautify part of a building or the interior furnishing. As this is done on non-homogeneous surfaces ranging from soft to hard surfaces like on stones, wood, metal, clay and plaster, it would require a machine to this king of work. earlier the innovation of machines, this was done by hand which consumed much time and energy. The introduction of machines helped in m aking more complex designs on clothes, ceramics, furnishers, metalwork and on clay. (John, 1963) Machines have strengthened the cultural identity and have increase our standard of living by creating wealth in the economy.In the hierarchy of designs have gone to an purpose of explaining how helpful machines are to our modern life. There has been a continued development and need for the machines to do the most complex work that cannot be done without the help of the machine. (Baker, 2007), Conclusions The innovation of machines has helped in the formation new stride of performing different duties. It was through the introduction of machine more complex work was done in a short time. This helped in improving on efficiency and increase in the quantity production.

Care Support Essay Example for Free

charge Support EssayEffective reflection on bloods that develop in contend work bloody shame is an 82 year old female occupant who came to die in our nursing home tail fin years ago she has a mild cognitive impairment and is totally independent she wears an incontinence strand and entreats minimum assistance. bloody shame loves to sing and listen to music especially Irish traditional music and fashionable ballads. She remains in close contact with her two daughters who visit regularly.Mary is a actually privy person and likes to spend time alone in her room. She is a very jolly lady who loves to express mirth and enjoys life. As a attending assistant I had assisted Mary with her continence needs by making her aware of where to find continence pads in the bathrooms around the home and making sure they were forever available in her bedroom this protects her privacy, gravitas and independence as I know it would cause her doubt to acquire to ask for them.We got on really well because we both have a love of Irish music and I spent a lot of time talking with her ab come in music, her family and her reasons for coming to live with us in the nursing home. I also developed a trusting relationship with her daughters as Mary would often include me in conversation when they visited. I had noticed a convert in Mary where she was spending a lot of time in the bathroom and she seemed agitated when in the daylight room I approached her and asked if she wanted to go for a walk outside as we have exercise on several occasions.She agreed and we set off. ecause of the trusting relationship we had built over time I felt comfortable asking her if she was ok and she replied yes love shure ya have ta have a express joy I deviated a tiny with some talk about the gardens we were passing and I approached the subject once more by saying if there was eachthing wrong you can tell me, and if I can help you I will, you only have to ask, she replied with I dont wa nt to be a bother to anyone I told her I noticed she was going to the bathroom a lot, there was silence for what seemed forever then she told me I have a stinging pains down below I knew straight away it was thrush as I had observed from her give care plan she was prone to thrush. I asked her permission to talk to the nurse and explained it would require medical treatment and she agreed.Asking her permission defend her confidentially, when we returned to the home I approached the nurse and told her of the situation she acted immediately, penetrating Mary was prone to thrush she kept a supply of ointment to treat her, I went fanny to Mary and asked her to come with me very discretely so as not to draw the attention of other nonmigratorys or visitors this protected her privacy, dignity and confidentially . I escorted her to the nurses station and the nurse took over. Within a few hours Mary was back to her normal jolly self singing in the corner. The positive outcome for Mary dur ing this accident happened because of the relationship we had built over time and get toting to know her, being able to observe a change in her behaviour.The situation was carry offd with just me and the nurse on duty no other members of module were baffling this protects Marys privacy and dignity. Clear identification of interpersonal issues that can arise in care work The interpersonal issues in this situation were between Mary myself and the nurse and no other rung, resident or visitors were aware of Marys situation this protected Marys privacy, dignity confidentially and respect. Interpersonal issues between me and other health care staff occurred through informing them of what had happened and how the situation was handled. What was observed during this incident was that building relationships with residents allow us to be more effective as care assistants.The types of communication utilize during this incident were mainly verbal, communicating with Mary in a very discre te and respectful sort put her at ease, and communicating with other health care staff to inform them of the incident and how best to handle it should it happen again. The outcome for Mary was she got the treatment she needed in a timely manner, it highlighted to senior healthcare staff the importance of the care assistant in relationship building and observation, reporting our findings to the nurse to get the best healthcare for the resident. Effective reflection on own interpersonal skills as a care worker Interpersonal skills use in this incident were respect and confidentially taking Mary out for a walk and chatting allowed me to discover what was bothering her by doing this it did not draw the attention of any other resident to her situation.Informing the nurse and other relevant healthcare staff will allow them to handle any other similar situation in a discrete manner thus protecting her privacy, dignity confidentially and independence. Comprehensive observation of the pro cess of developing personal effectiveness as a healthcare assistant In this situation I was able to help Mary because I noticed a change in her behaviour, I believe in order to give person centred care you mustiness know your residents, individualised care is an on-going process, building a trusting relationship with knowledge of life history, likes/dislikes, ghostly and cultural influences are vital in the implementation of individualised care. Knowledge gained in class helped recruit awareness of how important it is to protect residents dignity, respect, confidentially and independence.We learnt about the art of reflection, looking at an incident, what happened? How we handled it and how can we emend to achieve a positive outcome for the person involved. Knowledge gained in class has helped me gain skills in awareness. observing how residents behave and being aware of changes are important tools for personal effectiveness, reflection is also a vital tool for personal effective ness looking back at a situation and analysing what happened and how it was dealt with is very effective it allows us question ourselves and ask how can we have handled the incident better and put a plan into action to bring a positive outcome for the resident involved.Personal skills helped significantly in this situation, skills such as building relationships, empathy, observation and the ability to communicate effectively with residents and other healthcare staff helped me bring about a positive outcome for Mary. As a carer there are legion(predicate) skills that can be developed such as communication, the ability to communicate with all healthcare staff regardless of their discipline is important, and knowledge gained through dialog with residents and their relatives is invaluable, knowing a little about residents will allow us to care more effectively completing level 5 in healthcare support has been invaluable although we care for people every day, having knowledge and the th eory stillt joint it is important and will make for better care.Detailed evidence of expertness in a range of interpersonal care work skills I dont know if I have expertise in any care work skills but I think I am advantageously at what I do, knowledge is a wonderful thing and as our knowledge increases we become confident, and federal agency is a great tool to have in care work, having the confidence to talk to other healthcare staff in a professional manner enables us to gain the best possible care for our residents, what I gained from this situation was respect for fellow healthcare staff who listened to what I said and acted on the information.I dont know if I could put an action plan in place for this scenario but what I can say is that it is vital that all healthcare assistants observe all residents and become well-known(prenominal) with their daily routine this gives us the opportunity to note any changes and report these findings to relevant staff. Some of the skills us ed to deal with this situation were gained through life experience, being a father of 4 I have brought with me patience, understanding, and empathy to name but a few but the course has given me the ability to analyse my sentiment to look at how I have worked today and how can I improve tomorrow. Conclusion wholly healthcare staff from consultants to healthcare assistants must give the best possible care to patents/residents, we are inner(a) in our role in healthcare and everything we do must be in the best absorb of the patent/resident. Being a part of that team and being respected for the role we play is very important. Nurses are put under increasing pressure with medication rounds, paperwork, supervision etc. they cant be everywhere or know what is happening with every resident so we as healthcare assistants become the eyes and ears of the facility, observing changes and reporting in a timely manner to gain a positive outcome for the resident involved. Being heard as part of t he team will make for a more effective workplace.

How I Reach My Dream Essay Example for Free

How I Reach My Dream Es putAs human being, all of us confine envisages needs to achieve them. The poor people have dreams and the wealthy people as well. Dreams argon the most amazing thing in the life. We all love to dream to hope and see ourselves going to be better and better each day. However, I know roughly people may say that dreams are sturdy to follow and its impossible to be real. tho thats actually not true, because our dreams are in our hands. We are the ones that can control them and makes them real. For me, I was facial expression for up to many things during my life akin learning English, and I am good at it and end my higher degree.I will show you how I reach my dream and became true. In 2005, when I graduate from high school, I was planning to major in Computer Engineering at King Fahd University or King Faisal University, but my accumulative GPA was not what they are asking for. Therefore, they didnt accept me. I felt like I had the worst luck ever. Af ter a few days my booster shot informed me that I have been accepted in College of Technology At Dammam. I was more than happy, because I can get my lambskin degree. I studied English language and Math in my showtime year. I did a great job, so they approve my major as Computer Engineering. But, I was demoralize at the beginning because this college didnt have Bachelor Degree they only have diploma degree.However, having diploma degree is better than nothing. After I graduated from College of Technology At Dammam In 2008, I started looking for a job for about three months. Finally, I had been accepted in Tide Company. The offer told me that I have to work as IT Helper for 8 hours from Saturday to Wednesday. Working in a company as career is not my dream. However, I have no other choices. So I worked for this company to have experience and to save money as well. I really got a huge experience from coworkers and I used to love my job. Unfortunately, a huge problem occurred between the supervisor and me. The supervisor did not wee-wee me a recommendation to raise my salary.However, I was working hard for Tow years and half. I sit down at home for more than a month thinking about the old thought and what I suppose to do. Although, my mother doesnt write and read she said you have to make the right sustain I asked her HOW? She said you want to become an engineer dont you? So, why dont you go to Canada to do your study? I will be proud of you. I felt like yes this is my chance. I talked with my father about going to Canada to study and he encouraged me to do it. So, he promised me to help me as much as he can. I applied for ELS English Language Center.Then I filled out the VISA application and after two weeks I got the Canadian VISA. I ordered everything to travel and I sold my car. The last day for me in Saudi Arabia with my family was difficult. I hate to say bye to whom I love. In the morning, I went with my family and my colas friends to the airport. My flight was like this from Dammam to Qatar, then from Qatar to Toronto. It was too long the measure duration is 16 hours. Finally, I arrived to Toronto to study English.I studied for one year in Toronto to complete my English program. When I have done my program, I applied for the IELTS Test. After 15 days I got my scare. I did a greet job I got 5 in the IELTS, after that I immovable to came to the United State. At the same month I applied for The ISU and I have been accepted and they switch all my previous credits. The life here in the United State is different, because of the cultural differences between in-between East and western countries. I had many problems, but I am truing to achieve my dreams.In conclusion, dreams are nothing but thoughts and ideas of ones mind, so set your dreams right in front your eyes and work hard for them. There is no doubt you will reach them someday. Basically, what you would like to be actually depends on you in the first place. All you need is a relentless pursuit to achieve your dreams and dont stop until you do. Through sweat, course and tears, let nothing slow your pursuit. So, I wrote my story to help any hopeless person who picture that life will not end with the first problem.

Performance Appraisal System Essay Example for Free

Performance Appraisal System renderPerformance idea kened as a key human resource practice for many organizations, is make to provide feedback to employees so that they can be fitting to improve on their execution of instrument. This practice has been under compend and investigation by various researchers. The purpose of the study is to carry out an compendium on the slaying appraisal governing bodys of PSC Biotech and investigate the interactive effects of the appraisal governance on the performance of the organization. Pharmaceutical spurt Corporation, which has its headquarters in Pomona, California, has been providing professional consulting services for the last ten years. The Corporation is in the business of delivering recount of the art Information Technology services and similarly validation, compliance services and industry specific products to the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. It also provides expansive guidance and expertise in argonas that include quality systems, computer and equipment validation, alter process systems (PSCBiotech, 2010). The IT consulting services designed to meet the needs of the manufacturing industry as well as the clinical Research and Development industry.Examples of products designed by the company include Auditca, which is audit software that provides a bendable and interactive interface for auditors to edit and compose compliance deficiencies noted during an audit. Another product is the Audit Utopia, which is a heed application that organizes the process of regulatory inspections. Pharmaceutical Services is also an authorized distributor of testing, science laboratory equipment and supplies. Such products include particle counters, laboratory Autoclaves, Microbial samplers, sensors, fume hoods and Biosafety cabinets (PSCBiotech, 2010).PSC Biotech has the goal of being the industry drawing card in providing excellence in compliance and validation of products and services while at th e same clipping maintaining competitive rates. PSC Biotech uses an appraisal system that mostly focused on the organizations goals. The assessment system referred to as the intelligent goal assessment system. This system focuses on the goals that an employee is meant to achieve when performing his job. The company uses this order of appraisal to weigh the duties of its employees by giving them clear and attainable benchmarks that drive rewards for achievement.The term SMART in this context means Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time framed goals (PSCBiotech, 2010). Specific goals need to have an explicit interpretation because goals that are have loosely been defined make it hard to know whether they have been achieved or not. An ideal of a loose goal is saying that every employee go forth train. This is general and it does not have a way of determine whether the training was achieved or not. A measurable goal is one that can be calculated to produce results. T he goal has to be made with a vision of achieving results.Achievable goals need to be within reach for the employees to be able to attain them. They should also not be too punishing (PSCBiotech, 2010). Realistic goals are designed to match with the employees needs in regards to their duties. These goals should be even out with the knowledge of whether the employees have the ability and experience that needed to achieve the set goals. Guidance and assistance, is also needed to provide garter to employees who are unable to achieve their goals. Time framed goals are those that have an amount of time that has been set aside to achieve them.A period will give the goals a sense of structure and it will necessitate action on the part of the employee. It will also give them the motivation to get started on their goals (PSCBiotech, 2010). Although the company views goals as an important benchmark, it also considers employee competency as an important factor in determining performance when doing their duties. The core competencies account for fifty percent of an employees appraisal. The SMART goals are designed to curb that employees perform their best, which is possible when they know what is expected from them.It is most preferable to an employee to know where their focus should lie and what their management directives and priorities are. This prevents doubt and misunderstandings about their maneuver performance considered when it comes to determining a reward for their efforts. One benefit of the SMART goals is to give the employees notice of how the company weighs their duties and gives them clear and attainable benchmarks with clearly defined rewards for their achievements (PSCBiotech, 2010).Goal setting and feedback are key elements in the performance appraisal activities of organizations. The setting of goals and feedback on whether achieved is believed to affect the performance of employees positively by enhancing motivation that is necessary for work perfo rmance. The relation backship mingled with satisfaction with performance appraisal and employee outcomes will be mediated by motivation . Roberts and Reed (as cited by Kuvaas, 2006, p. 506) proposed that participation, goals and feedback influenced the appraisal process.In their studies, Locke and Latham found that although the relationship between goal setting and performance moderated by several factors, it has contributed to the employee has perceived investment in work organic evolution (as cited by Kuvaas, 2006, p. 505). The brotherly likeness theory is significant to the research of performance appraisal orders, built on the assumption that people are driven to evaluate themselves. The theory implies that it may be more impressive to the raters of job performance to compare an employee to other employees.This theory has the potential to inform on the development of performance appraisal processes because of comparative judgments of social stimuli on particular content d imensions (Goffin, Jelley, Powell Johnston, 2009, p. 252). Goffin, Gellatly, Paunonen, Jackson and Meyer (1996) developed a place system that takes advantage of the social equality theory without having to incur the problems that usually compound the comparative methods of appraisal. The congenator percentile method provides the means of scaling raters relative judgments of the ratees to al first base for a meaningful comparison of the ratings provided.The rating percentile method promotes the use of social comparisons by encouraging the simultaneous assessment of the ratees (Goffin et al, 2009, p. 253). former research on the percentile method of appraisal has shown the benefits of this method in ii ways. In their studies of 1997, Wagner and Goffin (as cited by Goffin et al, 2009) demonstrated that the percentile method resulted in greater accuracy than the traditional exacting rating system of performance appraisal. The second study found that the percentile method had grea ter criterion-related validity when compared to the conventional absolute rating format.Carty and Goffin found that the percentile method was more advantageous in the context of letters of recognition and they found it improved on the levels of accuracy in personality ratings (Goffin et al, 2009, p. 254). A performance appraisal method will not be viable if the ratees and the raters believe that it is unfair. Adams equity theory claims that individuals originate fairness perceptions by comparing their perceived work outcomes or rewards to their perceived contributions or inputs.Employees therefore view appraisal systems as fair and ethical when they reflect the individuals contributions (Narcisse Harcourt, 2008, p. 1153). Greenberg (as cited by Narcisse Harcourt, 2008) identified two factors that affect employee perceptions of performance appraisal and they are the perceived fairness of the appraisal system in relation to the employee performance and the perceived fairness of an y appraisal that is related to pay increase or a promotion.In addition to the social theorys practical importance, its application to performance appraisal contributes to the social cognition of employees within an organization by demonstrating that the social comparative process improves the reliability of the appraisals. Recommendations The approach taken in the relative percentile method in which other ratees serve as benchmarks meant likely to kindle both availability and relevancy of performance appraisal systems. The method uses employees in similar positions to be able to facilitate a meaningful percentile of their responses.From previous studies, the percentile method has promoted the use of the social comparison theory by requiring the rater to consider the ratees simultaneously when making judgments based on performance. This method of parallel analysis of performance indicators is beneficial because the other ratees will serve as useful benchmarks through which the rate r will be able to record accurately their ratings (Goffin et al, 2009). This method is different from the other conventional methods of performance rating where the ratee is considered individually.The nonparallel processing of the ratees performance results might fail to take advantage of the natural social comparative processes, which explains the low validity of noncomparative ratings in studies where the comparative and non- comparative formats have been evaluated and compared with each other (Goffin et al, 2009). Having good performance appraisal systems is important as it will help in the development of employees and enable them to improve on their work performance.Performance appraisal methods used should have systems that ensure the process done is fair, ethical and clear way. The outcomes should also be relayed to the employees so that they can be able to know what areas of their work they can be able to improve on. References Narcisse, S. , Harcourt, M. (2008). Employee fairness perceptions of performance appraisal a Saint Lucian case study. International Journal of gentle Resource Management, 19(6), p. 1152-1169. doi10. 1080/09585190802051451. Goffin, R. , Jelley, R. , Powell, D. , Johnston, N.(2009). Taking advantage of social comparisons in performance appraisal The relative percentile method. Human Resource Management, 48(2), p. 251-268. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database. Kuvaas, B. (2006). Performance appraisal satisfaction and employee outcomes mediating and moderating roles of work motivation. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 17(3), p. 504-522. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database. PSCBiotech (2010) Introduction to PSC, Retrieved 7 may 2010, from http//www. biotech. com/introPSC. php